Explanation should include methods to overcome communication challenges with clients/residents/patients who have cognitive impairments and to preserve the rights of clients/residents/patients who may be

anxious or frustrated and unable to communicate needs
in need of pain relief
uncooperative with care if the client does not know what the caregiver is doing.

Communication skills must be tailored to meet the needs of a cognitively impaired client by

being sure to have the attention of a client
explaining the care routine prior to starting the care routine
allowing the client opportunities to talk
keeping consistent routines as much as possible
being honest and reliable
knowing the likes and dislikes of client
speaking slowly, softly, and simply.

Refer to Unit II in Nurse Aide Curriculum, Virginia Board of Nursing, Virginia Department of Health Professions, 2023.

Process/Skill Questions:

Why is it important for the CNA to remain calm when dealing with an agitated client?
Why is it important to explain care to be given to a client with a cognitive impairment?
What is the importance of always recognizing client rights?
What safety concerns must be addressed when caring for a client who may be combative?