Identify environmental issues and regulations pertaining to the animal industry.

Identification should include

  • waste management
  • pasture and land management best practices
  • manure management
  • watershed land management best practices (e.g., regarding ammonia, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, micronutrients, disease causing organisms)
  • effects related to climate change
  • air quality effects (e.g., methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide)
  • microbial breakdown of organic compounds and how it affects water quality and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
  • water use (e.g., options for handling milking center and feedlot wastewater)
  • antibiotics in the environment and antibiotic resistance
    • prescription
    • over-the-counter
    • water soluble
    • feed

  • stray voltage
  • invasive species risk assessment.

Process/Skill Questions:

  • What are the waste management regulations in your area?
  • What are the environmental concerns and implications of each type of contamination?
  • What are bio aerosols? How do they become airborne? How do they cause human and animal diseases and microbial toxins?
  • How does the anaerobic decomposition of manure during storage produce methane, a greenhouse gas?
  • How can water use be reduced?
  • What is the argument against antibiotic use in the animal industry?
  • What regulations are instituted on local farms during drought?
  • How should pastures with given livestock (e.g., cattle, sheep) be managed to mitigate environmental issues?