Describe radiologic surgical techniques and related safety issues.

Description should include

• radiologic surgical techniques such as fluoroscopy, stereotactic mammographic biopsies, and cardiac catheterization
• safety issues related to radiation exposure
• technologies and strategies for the protection of the patient and surgical team from radiation hazards.

Process/Skill Questions:

• Patients with what types of medical conditions benefit from radiologic surgical techniques? Why?
• What are the similarities between three-dimensional computed axial tomography (CT) modeling and traditional radiology? What are the differences? How does this distinction affect surgical decisions?
• During radiologic surgery, how can the surgical team prevent excessive radiation exposure in patients? How can the surgical team protect themselves from radiation exposure?
• What are the limits of time, distance, and dose?