Evaluate the physical and chemical properties of soil.

Evaluation should include

  • soil texture and its importance, using the soil triangle, and mechanical analysis and/or the ribbon or feel test
    • proportion of sand, silt, and clay
    • water-holding capacity and aeration
    • effect of particle size
    • specific surface area
    • soil-pore space
  • soil permeability and related properties
  • soil color
  • soil structure and formation
  • soil consistency, compaction, and tilth
  • soil bulk density
  • cation exchange capacity (CEC)
  • organic matter
  • carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N).

Process/Skill Questions:

  • What are the soil particles/separates, from smallest to largest?
  • What is a soil survey?
  • What are the land capability classes, and why are they important?
  • How can soil color be an indicator of soil conditions?
  • What are soil aggregates, peds, and clods, and how do they affect soil structure, function, and fertility?
  • Why does soil pH below 6 result in an increase in aluminum?
  • How is a soil triangle used?
  • How is the ribbon method used?
  • What is the purpose of determining soil texture and soil properties?
  • How does soil texture affect its fertility?