Create a topographic map.

Creation should include

• the maximum and minimum elevations
• the scale of the map (e.g., 1 inch = 1/2 mile)
• the latitude and longitude of the central point in the lower left or right corner of the map
• a map key
• a compass rose showing cardinal and ordinal directions
• roads, rivers, lakes, mountain peaks and other significant locations
• symbols to make locations easier to find (e.g., label mountain peaks with a triangle, roads with dotted lines)
• contours

• drawing a contour line for the lowest elevation level and tracing the shape of the land at that elevation level
• recording the elevation next to the contour line and drawing more contour lines for higher elevation levels
• labeling the intervals
• ensuring that the maximum elevations are at mountain tops, plateaus, and other high points, and determining contour line intervals.

Process/Skill Questions:

• Why are topographic maps important, and how are they used?
• Why is understanding the terrain and changes in elevation important in environmental management?
• What are some common symbols used to represent features on topographic maps, and how are they depicted?