Explain how to formulate a balanced ration for an individual horse.

Explanation should include

  • a horse’s daily nutritional requirements
    • carbohydrates
    • protein
    • fats
    • vitamins
    • minerals
    • water
    • macro and micro minerals
    • amino acids (e.g., lysine, methionine, tryptophan, and threonine)
  • critical considerations when balancing an equine ration
    • body condition score
    • class of the horse
    • health of the horse
      • digestive system
      • parasite control
      • teeth
    • percentage of dietary protein needs (forage and grain)
    • energy needs (carbohydrates)
    • types of grain feed
    • roughage
      • pasture hay
      • lucerne hay
      • oaten hay
      • wheaten hay
    • quantity of feed, based on
      • body weight
      • body condition
      • work requirements
      • temperament
    • calcium and phosphorus
      • mature horse
      • young horse
    • weight of the horse
    • mineral and vitamin supplements. 

Process/Skill Questions: 

  • How does the health of a horse affect its nutritional needs?
  • What adjustments to a horse's ration might be necessary, depending on the condition of the teeth?
  • What information can the extension service provide about hay quality?
  • How can the time of cutting of hay (early/late) affect nutrient content?
  • What factors indicate good quality hay (e.g., color, smell, leafiness vs. hard stems, signs of insect damage)?
  • Who can conduct a hay analysis, and why is this important?

Teacher Resource: