Identify the causes, symptoms, and means of prevention of occupational health risks.

Identification should include

• muscle and joint discomfort and their causes (e.g., poor posture, lack of ergonomic considerations)
• dermatitis and its causes (e.g., overexposure to tap water and chemicals)
• cumulative trauma disorders (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome) and their causes (e.g., repetitive finishing techniques)
• respiratory exposure and causes (e.g., chemicals, dust)
• infections and their causes (e.g., exposure to pathogens through open wounds, skin and nail disorders)
• hepatitis and its causes (e.g., contact with blood-borne pathogens)
• human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its causes (i.e., contact with blood-borne pathogens)
• use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Process/Skill Questions:

• What does ergonomic mean?
• Why is ventilation important in the salon?
• What is PPE? What PPE should be used by nail technicians?
• What are causes of overexposure?
• What exercises should a nail technician do to prevent injuries from repetitive activities?
• What behavioral traits of a nail technician can reduce the threat of occupational health risks?
• What are some ways to prevent dermatitis?
• How can a salon be equipped to improve ergonomic conditions?