Demonstrate the assessment and management of patients experiencing cardiovascular emergencies.

Demonstration should include the anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, assessment, and management of

  • acute coronary syndrome (e.g., angina pectoris, myocardial infarction)
  • aortic aneurysm/dissection
  • thromboembolism
  • heart failure
  • hypertensive emergencies
  • other cardiovascular disorders to be determined locally.

Demonstration also includes administration of cardiac medications, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and acquisition of a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).

Demonstration should include psychosocial aspects of age-related assessment and treatment modifications for the major or common diseases and/or emergencies associated with pediatric and geriatric patients.

Process/Skill Questions:

  • What is the best treatment for a hypertensive emergency?
  • What are the advantages to using an automated external defibrillator (AED)?
  • What are some common errors in using an AED?
  • What are three consequences of an acute myocardial infarction?
  • What are the cardiac medications an EMT can administer?
  • How many electrodes are used to complete a 12-lead ECG?