Describe how temperature and moisture affect the stability of the atmosphere.

Description should include the concepts that

  • higher-temperature air can hold more moisture than colder air
  • when air is heated, it rises until condensation occurs, resulting in the formation of clouds
  • the less moisture, the more stable the air; higher moisture is characteristic of unstable air.

Process/Skill Questions:

  • Why can warm air hold more moisture than cold air?
  • How is aircraft performance affected by warm and humid air?
  • Why is the air less stable at higher temperatures?
  • What phenomenon occurs in cold air with 100 percent humidity?
  • What type of adverse flight conditions might be expected if the temperature and dew point spread is low?