Simulate the navigation of aircraft, using instrumentation.

Simulation should include weather data and using various navigation methods:

  • Global positioning system (GPS)
  • Pilotage and dead reckoning
  • Map interpretation/topography
  • Ground-based navigational aids (e.g., Very High Frequency Omni-directional Range [VOR], automatic direction finder [ADF])
  • Magnetic variation

Navigation instrumentation should use or produce the following data or actions:

  • Coordinates
  • Vectors
  • Airspeed
  • Altitude
  • Detection (air or ground)
  • Inertia (through inertial navigation systems)
  • Broadcasts for aircraft location (through beacons—Very High Frequency Omni-directional Range/Tactical Air Navigation [VORTAC])

Process/Skill Questions:

  • How has navigation and navigation instrumentation evolved?